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Professor Andrade took his Ph. D., summa cum laude with highest distinction, the diploma being in Latin in those days at Heidelberg at the end of 1911. Life in a German city, celebrated for and dominated by its University, was a remarkable experience, the complete liberty of the student contrasting with the strict college control at Oxford and Cambridge. In the following article the writer describes his life at Heidelberg as a research student, with friends who afterwards became famous.

In teaching the basic principles of optical interference and the use of interferometers at an elementary level, it is of considerable help to the student if he can be made conscious of fringe localization. This helps in the classification of fringe systems and instruments. The method adopted by the author to teach fringe localization to first year students is explained in detail.

A description is given of some of the new courses at the University of Surrey. These include honours courses in physics and in human and physical sciences, which were started two years ago in anticipation of the granting of the charter to the university, and a new four-year honours course in physics for students with A levels in mathematics and arts subjects.

A brief outline of some differences between Scottish and English educational systems is given and a strong plea is made that more time be given to physics teaching if the new work is to succeed. The syllabus is described together with its repercussions on examinations, teaching facilities and visual aids. Possible future developments are suggested.

An experiment has been carried out in which a group of about 600 candidates for A-level physics took also an American examination, part of which was of the "multiple-choice" type. The following article gives an account of this work, and compares the results obtained by the candidates in the two examinations with one another and with the teachers' estimates of their own pupils.

This article describes the special features of a sandwich course which now leads to an honours degree in applied physics. It relates the reasons for the introduction of sandwich courses having close links with industry and which originally led to the award of the Diploma in Technology administered by the National Council for Technological Awards. It describes the establishment of the Council for National Academic Awards and the opportunities thus offered to Colleges of Technology to provide courses at both graduate and postgraduate level and leading to degrees of the C.N.A.A.

The changes in outlook that are occurring in both chemistry and physics, particularly in their relationship, are leading to re-examinations of the structure of education in the physical sciences at all levels. There is a call to change the pattern of education in physical science which will reflect the influence of physics and chemistry on each other.