Table of contents

The experimental results in the field of laser generation of acoustic pulses of duration less than 1 ns are reviewed. The various physical mechanisms of optoacoustic conversion are analyzed theoretically. Possibilities are shown for shortening the duration of optoacoustic pulses by increasing the intensity of the laser exposure. The prospects of initiating ultrashort, strong shock pulses with high-power femtosecond light pulses, are discussed.

This review discusses the principal physical mechanisms responsible for direct electromagneticacoustic conversion in ferromagnets. It is shown that in a wide range of frequency, magnetic field, and temperature ultrasound is generated via the inductive and magnetoelastic interactions. In the latter mechanism features are observed that are due to the displacement of domain walls and spin flip, and are also observed at various phase transitions. A detailed comparison of the theory of electromagnetic excitation of ultrasound with experimental data obtained for 3d and 4f magnets also showed that this phenomenon can be used as a precise method of constructing magnetic phase diagrams of magnets and determining their homogeneous and inhomogeneous exchange interaction constants, and the magnetic anisotropy and magnetostriction constants.

The fundamental principles, physical models, and design fundamentals of three-dimensional microwave integrated circuits are presented. The principles of mathematical modeling of transmission lines and basic elements are discussed. The topological approach to the description of the electromagnetic field in the elements of three-dimensional microwave integrated circuits is examined at the electrodynamic level. The structures of the base elements, functional units, and devices for processing signals from pickups as well as the physical and technological aspects of their fabrication based on three-dimensional microwave integrated circuits are examined.

This article presents a detailed discussion of the problem of the localization and various methods of describing it on the basis of plane waves multiply scattered in randomly layered media. It is noted that the field of localized waves has a complicated structure, with sharp peaks and extended "dark" regions, where the intensity of the wave is small. It is shown that because of this complicated structure the wave field in a randomly layered medium, the dynamic and statistical characteristics of the wave behave in fundamentally different ways. For example, the statistical moments of the intensity of the wave increase exponentially into the interior of the medium, while the energy of the wave penetrating into randomly inhomogeneous medium can be finite with unity probability. The concept of a majorant curve and of an isoprobability curve, helpful for understanding the phenomenon of localization, are introduced. Also taken into account is the effect of a small regular absorption on the statistical and dynamic properties of the wave, and the localization of space-time pulses in a randomly layered medium is also studied.