Table of contents

Introduction 696 1. Radiation Mechanisms 697 1.1. Processes Leading to the Production of Gamma and X Rays 697 1.2. General Expressions for the Radiation Intensity 698 2. Cosmic Rays, Matter, and Thermal Radiation in the Universe 698 2.1. Intensity of Cosmic Rays 698 2.2. Electronic Component of Cosmic Rays 699 2.3. Matter and Thermal Radiation in the Galaxy and Metagalaxy 700 3. Cosmic Gamma Emission (Calculation of Intensity) 701 3.1. Production of π⁰ Mesons and "Pionic" Gamma Rays 701 3.2. Bremsstrahlung 702 3.3. Compton Gamma Rays 703 3.4. Positron Annihilation 704 3.5. Nuclear Gamma Rays 706 3.6. Absorption of Gamma and X Rays 706 4. Cosmic Gamma Radiation (Discussion) 707 4.1. Intensity of Over-all Cosmic Gamma Radiation 707 4.2. Gamma Radiation from Discrete Sources 710 4.3. Experimental Data, Their Evaluation, and a Few Conclusions 711 5. X Radiation Connected with Cosmic Rays 713 5.1. Cyclotron X Radiation 713 5.2. X Radiation Due to Other Processes 716 5.3. Comparison of Calculations with Observations 717 Conclusion 718

1. Introduction 721 2. The "Polarization–Asymmetry" Relation in the Case of Polarization Perpendicular to the Reaction Plane. The Bohr Rule 722 3. Symmetry Principles and Limitations on the Form of the Reaction Amplitude 725 4. Spin Density Matrix 728 5. The "Polarization–Asymmetry" Relation in the Case of Arbitrary Polarization Direction 730 6. Possible Methods of Determining the Parities of Strange Particles in Polarized-target Experiments 731 7. Nucleon–nucleon Scattering 735 8. Meson–nucleon Scattering 746 9. Photoproduction of Pions and K mesons 748 10. Scattering of Gamma Quanta and Electrons by Nucleons 749 Literature cited 752