Evanescent modes are virtual photons

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Published 20 September 2006 2006 EDP Sciences
, , Citation A. A. Stahlhofen and G. Nimtz 2006 EPL 76 189 DOI 10.1209/epl/i2006-10271-9

0295-5075/76/2/189

Abstract

Former QED-based studies of evanescent modes identified these with virtual photons. Recent experimental studies confirmed the resulting predictions about non-locality, non-observability, violation of the Einstein relation and the existence of a commutator of field operators between two space-like separated points. Relativistic causality thus is violated by the near-field phenomenon evanescent modes while primitive causality is untouched.

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