Time-dependent natural orbitals and occupation numbers

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Published 15 November 2010 Europhysics Letters Association
, , Citation H. Appel and E. K. U. Gross 2010 EPL 92 23001 DOI 10.1209/0295-5075/92/23001

0295-5075/92/2/23001

Abstract

Using the equations of motion for the occupation numbers of natural spin orbitals we show that adiabatic extensions of common functionals employed in ground-state reduced-density-matrix-functional theory have the shortcoming of leading to occupation numbers independent of time. We illustrate the exact time-dependence of the natural spin orbitals and occupation numbers for two strongly nonlinear cases, namely electron-ion scattering and atoms in strong laser fields. In the latter case, we observe strong variations of the occupation numbers in time.

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10.1209/0295-5075/92/23001