Alternation of Sediment Characteristics during Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells Amended Biochar

Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are considered as a new technology in sediment remediation, while biochars can promote interspecies electron transfer in bioelectrochemical systems. We conducted the SMFCs amended with biochars to investigate their effects on of sediment characteristics. Results showed that the anode of SMFCs could oxidize the chemical oxidizable matter in sediments (by 4%-16%) correlating with the maximum power density (r=0.982, p<0.01) and then changed the chemical characteristics of the sediments. The reducible metal (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn) species increased after SMFCs performed, which might lead to releases of metals that bound to the oxidable fraction. On the other hand, the loosely-sorbed, redox-sensitive, and organic phosphorus decreased (1.6-13, 3.5-40, and 277-923 μg/g, respectively), as well as the refractory Al-phosphorus increased (2.8-58 μg/g), implied that the mobility of phosphorus was inhibited. As the high stable biochar, the ratio of recalcitrant carbon to total organic carbon did not change significantly in sediments while the ratio of recalcitrant nitrogen increased (2%-19%), suggesting that low quality of organic matter (C/N=24-32) were retained after remediation. The work took insight to sediment characteristic alternations under SMFC operation, which gave information on the element pool related to pollutants and the risk of the application of SMFCs.